Riada American School

Business Scope and Sequence

Standards Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Accounting

Understands and applies basic procedures in the accounting cycle

Business Education

Standard 1.

Understands and applies basic procedures in the accounting cycle

Business Education

Standard 1 : Understands and applies basic procedures in the accounting cycle

Reference code: MBE,17;BE,16;N2E,54;TE,33;CBE,8;IE,16

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Uses the fundamental accounting equation (i.e., assets = liabilities plus owner’s equity)

Business Education

Standard 1.

Understands and applies basic procedures in the accounting cycle

Topics

1. Financial records; 2. Business assets and liabilities

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Uses the fundamental accounting equation (i.e., assets = liabilities plus owner’s equity)

Vocabulary terms
A. fundamental accounting equation

Knowledge/skill statements

Uses the equation assets equals liabilities plus owner’s equity

Citation Log: BP(MBE,17;BE,16;TBI,33)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the function of a balance sheet (i.e., a major report that lists the various asset, liability, and owner’s equity items)

Business Education

Standard 1.

Understands and applies basic procedures in the accounting cycle

Topics

1. Financial records; 2. Business assets and liabilities; 3. Business reports and documents

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Understands the function of a balance sheet (i.e., a major report that lists the various asset, liability, and owner’s equity items)

Vocabulary terms
A. balance sheet

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands how a balance sheet functions as a major report that lists various assets

Understands how a balance sheet functions as a major report that lists various liabilities

Understands how a balance sheet functions as a major report that lists various equity items

Citation Log: BD(MBI,17;BI,18;NYI,14;TBI,18;P18.2E,4)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the rules of debit and credit

Business Education

Standard 1.

Understands and applies basic procedures in the accounting cycle

Topic

Money management

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Understands the rules of debit and credit

Vocabulary terms
A. rules of debit
B. rules of credit

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the rules of debit

Understands the rules of credit

Citation Log: BD(MBI,17;BE,16)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the nature of the double-entry system

Business Education

Standard 1.

Understands and applies basic procedures in the accounting cycle

Topics

1. Business reports and documents; 2. Financial records

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 4.

Understands the nature of the double-entry system

Vocabulary terms
A. double-entry system

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the concept of the double-entry system

Citation Log: BD(MBE,17;BE,16)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the concepts of accounts receivable and accounts payable

Business Education

Standard 1.

Understands and applies basic procedures in the accounting cycle

Topics

1. Money management; 2. Financial records; 3. Profit and loss

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 5.

Understands the concepts of accounts receivable and accounts payable

Vocabulary terms
A. accounts receivable
B. accounts payable

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the concept of accounts receivable

Understands the concept of accounts payable

Citation Log: BD(MBI,17;BE,17;TBI,31;CBE,8;P18.2E,14)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the purpose of a journal and its relationship to the ledger

Business Education

Standard 1.

Understands and applies basic procedures in the accounting cycle

Topics

1. Financial records; 2. Business reports and documents

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 6.

Understands the purpose of a journal and its relationship to the ledger

Vocabulary terms
A. purpose of a journal
B. relationship between a journal and ledger

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the purpose of a journal

Understands the relationship between a journal and a ledger

Citation Log: BD(MBI,17;BE,16)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands and applies payroll theories and procedures

Business Education

Standard 2.

Understands and applies payroll theories and procedures

Business Education

Standard 2 : Understands and applies payroll theories and procedures

Reference code: BE,19;N2E,4;TBE,20;CBE,8

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Uses manual and computerized systems to prepare payroll records

Business Education

Standard 2.

Understands and applies payroll theories and procedures

Topics

1. Business reports and documents; 2. Financial records

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Uses manual and computerized systems to prepare payroll records

Vocabulary terms
A. systems for payroll records

Knowledge/skill statements

Uses manual systems to prepare payroll records

Uses computerized systems to prepare payroll records

Citation Log: BP(MBE,17;BE,19;TBI,17)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Calculates earnings (e.g., at an hourly rate, salary basis, commission basis)

Business Education

Standard 2.

Understands and applies payroll theories and procedures

Topics

1. Money management; 2. Employee management

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Calculates earnings (e.g., at an hourly rate, salary basis, commission basis)

Vocabulary terms
A. calculation of earnings

Knowledge/skill statements

Calculates earnings at an hourly rate

Calculates earnings on a salary basis

Calculates earnings on a commission basis

Citation Log: BP(BE,19;TBE,34)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Calculates deductions (e.g., federal income tax, Social Security tax, Medicare tax, state income tax)

Business Education

Standard 2.

Understands and applies payroll theories and procedures

Topics

1. Financial records; 2. Business taxes

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Calculates deductions (e.g., federal income tax, Social Security tax, Medicare tax, state income tax)

Vocabulary terms
A. calculation of deductions

Knowledge/skill statements

Calculates deductions for federal income tax

Calculates deductions for Social Security tax

Calculates deductions for Medicare tax

Calculates deductions for state income tax

Citation Log: BP(BE,19;TBE,20;P17.12E,10)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Calculates employer’s payroll taxes (e.g., Social Security, Medicare, federal, unemployment, state unemployment)

Business Education

Standard 2.

Understands and applies payroll theories and procedures

Topics

1. Business taxes; 2. Financial records

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 4.

Calculates employer’s payroll taxes (e.g., Social Security, Medicare, federal, unemployment, state unemployment)

Vocabulary terms
A. payroll taxes

Knowledge/skill statements

Calculates employer’s payroll taxes for Social Security

Calculates employer’s payroll taxes for Medicare

Calculates employer’s payroll taxes for federal unemployment

Calculates employer’s payroll taxes for state unemployment

Citation Log: BP(BE,19;TBE,34)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Prepares payroll reports (e.g., federal, state, local)

Business Education

Standard 2.

Understands and applies payroll theories and procedures

Topics

1. Business reports and documents; 2. Employee management

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 5.

Prepares payroll reports (e.g., federal, state, local)

Vocabulary terms
A. payroll reports

Knowledge/skill statements

Prepares federal payroll reports

Prepares state payroll reports

Prepares local payroll reports

Citation Log: BP(MBE,37;BE,19;NYE,18;TBE,31)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the relationship between gross pay, net pay, and deductions (i.e., net pay = gross pay less deductions)

Business Education

Standard 2.

Understands and applies payroll theories and procedures

Topics

1. Financial records; 2. Money management

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 6.

Understands the relationship between gross pay, net pay, and deductions (i.e., net pay = gross pay less deductions)

Vocabulary terms
A. calculation for net pay

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands that net pay equals gross pay less deductions

Citation Log: BD(BE,59;TBE,20)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Interprets and creates basic financial statements

Business Education

Standard 3.

Interprets and creates basic financial statements

Business Education

Standard 3 : Interprets and creates basic financial statements

Reference code: MBE,17;BE,16;N2E,54;NYE,22;TBE,33;CBE,8;QE,50;TME,57;IE,16

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Understands interrelationships of financial statements

Business Education

Standard 3.

Interprets and creates basic financial statements

Topics

1. Business reports and documents; 2. Financial records

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Understands interrelationships of financial statements

Vocabulary terms
A. interrelationships of financial statements

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands how financial statements relate to each other

Citation Log: BD(BE,84)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Prepares balance sheets (e.g., balance total assets with total liabilities plus net worth)

Business Education

Standard 3.

Interprets and creates basic financial statements

Topics

1. Business reports and documents; 2. Financial records; 3. Profit and loss; 4. Business assets and liabilities

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Prepares balance sheets (e.g., balance total assets with total liabilities plus net worth)

Vocabulary terms
A. balance sheet preparation

Knowledge/skill statements

Prepares balance sheets by balancing total assets with total liabilities and adding net worth

Citation Log: BP(MBE,17;BI,18;NYI,14;P18.2E,3;TME,21)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Calculates financial ratios (e.g., gross profit, net profit, equity, debt ratios; ratios of expenses to sales; rate of turnover of inventories)

Business Education

Standard 3.

Interprets and creates basic financial statements

Topics

1. Financial records; 2. Money management; 3. Profit and loss

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Calculates financial ratios (e.g., gross profit, net profit, equity, debt ratios; ratios of expenses to sales; rate of turnover of inventories)

Vocabulary terms
A. financial ratios

Knowledge/skill statements

Calculates gross profit

Calculates net profit

Calculates equity

Calculates debt ratios

Calculates ratios of expenses to sales

Calculates rate of turnover of inventories

Citation Log: BP(BE,18;NYI,14;TBE,61;QI,50)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Prepares income statements (e.g., add gross sales/gross billings and cost of goods sold, determine gross profit on sales, deduct expenses, record net profit)

Business Education

Standard 3.

Interprets and creates basic financial statements

Topics

1. Business reports and documents; 2. Financial records

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 4.

Prepares income statements (e.g., add gross sales/gross billings and cost of goods sold, determine gross profit on sales, deduct expenses, record net profit)

Vocabulary terms
A. income statements

Knowledge/skill statements

Prepares income statements by adding gross sales, gross billings, and cost of goods sold

Prepares income statements by deducting expenses

Prepares income statements by recording the net profits

Citation Log: BP(MBE,17;BE,19;P18.2E,3;TME,21)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Prepares trial balances (i.e., summaries of ledger account balances used to check the arithmetical accuracy of ledgers)

Business Education

Standard 3.

Interprets and creates basic financial statements

Topics

1. Financial records; 2. Money management

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 5.

Prepares trial balances (i.e., summaries of ledger account balances used to check the arithmetical accuracy of ledgers)

Vocabulary terms
A. trial balances

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows that trial balances are summaries of ledger account balances used to check the arithmetical accuracy of ledgers

Prepares trial balances by summarizing the ledger account balances

Citation Log: BP(MBE,17;BE,16;TBE,33)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Uses a variety of journal formats to journalize business transactions

Business Education

Standard 3.

Interprets and creates basic financial statements

Topic

Business reports and documents

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 6.

Uses a variety of journal formats to journalize business transactions

Vocabulary terms
A. business journal formats

Knowledge/skill statements

Uses a journal format to record business transactions

Citation Log: BP(BE,16;TBE,33)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Prepares and utilizes budgets (e.g., makes cost and revenue forecasts, track budget performance, makes appropriate adjustments)

Business Education

Standard 3.

Interprets and creates basic financial statements

Topics

1. Financial records; 2. Money management; 3. Markets and prices; 4. Profit and loss

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 7.

Prepares and utilizes budgets (e.g., makes cost and revenue forecasts, track budget performance, makes appropriate adjustments)

Vocabulary terms
A. budgets

Knowledge/skill statements

Prepares budgets

Utilizes budgets

Knows how to make cost forecasts

Knows how to make revenue forecasts

Knows how to track budget performance

Knows how to make appropriate adjustments to a budget

Citation Log: BP(MBE,18;BE,20;N2E,54;SC,14;NYE,42;TBE,20;TME,21))

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands and uses accounting software and spreadsheets

Business Education

Standard 4.

Understands and uses accounting software and spreadsheets

Business Education

Standard 4 : Understands and uses accounting software and spreadsheets

Reference code: MBE,17;BE,16;N2I,54;NYE,20;TBE,62;QE,51;P18.2E,19

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Uses spreadsheet technology to prepare financial statements and reports (including charts and graphs)

Business Education

Standard 4.

Understands and uses accounting software and spreadsheets

Topics

1. Spreadsheets/databases; 2. Financial records; 3. Business reports and documents

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Uses spreadsheet technology to prepare financial statements and reports (including charts and graphs)

Vocabulary terms
A. spreadsheet technology

Knowledge/skill statements

Uses spreadsheet technology to prepare financial statements

Uses spreadsheet technology to prepare financial reports

Uses spreadsheet technology to prepare financial charts

Uses spreadsheet technology to prepare financial graphs

Citation Log: BP(BE,18;NYE,18;TE,81)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Uses spreadsheets and databases to determine price, profit, cost, and break-even point

Business Education

Standard 4.

Understands and uses accounting software and spreadsheets

Topics

1. Spreadsheets/databases; 2. Financial records; 3. Business reports and documents; 4. Profit and loss

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Uses spreadsheets and databases to determine price, profit, cost, and break-even point

Vocabulary terms
A. spreadsheets for financial calculations
B. databases for financial calculations

Knowledge/skill statements

Uses spreadsheets to determine price

Uses spreadsheets to determine profit

Uses spreadsheets to determine cost

Uses spreadsheets to determine the break-even point

Uses databases to determine price

Uses databases to determine profit

Uses databases to determine cost

Uses databases to determine the break-even point

Citation Log: BP(BI,16;TBE,71;QE,51;TME,41)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Uses accounting software to compare planned financial goals to actual financial statements

Business Education

Standard 4.

Understands and uses accounting software and spreadsheets

Topics

1. Business reports and documents; 2. Computer software

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Uses accounting software to compare planned financial goals to actual financial statements

Vocabulary terms
A. comparing financial goals and statements

Knowledge/skill statements

Compares financial goals to actual financial statements using accounting software

Citation Log: BP(SCI,14)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Uses financial spreadsheets or accounting software for budget analysis and forecasting

Business Education

Standard 4.

Understands and uses accounting software and spreadsheets

Topics

1. Spreadsheets/databases; 2. Computer software; 3. Financial records; 4. Money management

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 4.

Uses financial spreadsheets or accounting software for budget analysis and forecasting

Vocabulary terms
A. budget analysis
B. budget forecasting

Knowledge/skill statements

Uses financial spreadsheets for budget analysis

Uses financial spreadsheets for budget forecasting

Uses accounting software for budget analysis

Uses accounting software for budget forecasting

Citation Log: BP(BE,17,19;NYE,18;TBE,71;QE,51;P18.2E,3)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Knows various accounting software available for financial analysis and management (e.g., programs pertaining to productivity, payroll, investments, inventory control, ratio analysis)

Business Education

Standard 4.

Understands and uses accounting software and spreadsheets

Topics

1. Computer software; 2. Money management; 3. Productivity; 4. Investment

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 5.

Knows various accounting software available for financial analysis and management (e.g., programs pertaining to productivity, payroll, investments, inventory control, ratio analysis)

Vocabulary terms
A. accounting software

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows various accounting software available for financial analysis

Knows various accounting software available for financial management

Knows various accounting programs pertaining to productivity

Knows various accounting software pertaining to payroll

Knows various accounting software pertaining to investments

Knows various accounting software pertaining to inventory control

Knows various accounting software pertaining to ratio analysis

Citation Log: BD(MBI,17;BE,18;NYE,18;TE,71;P18.2E,19)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the differences between manual and computerized accounting systems

Business Education

Standard 4.

Understands and uses accounting software and spreadsheets

Topics

1. Business reports and documents; 2. Financial records

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 6.

Understands the differences between manual and computerized accounting systems

Vocabulary terms
A. manual accounting systems
B. computerized accounting systems

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows about manual accounting systems

Knows about computerized accounting systems

Knows differences between manual and computerized accounting systems

Citation Log: BD(BE,16;P18.2E,19)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the concepts of assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity

Business Education

Standard 5.

Understands the concepts of assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity

Business Education

Standard 5 : Understands the concepts of assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity

Reference code: BE,16;IE,16

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Uses common methods of computing depreciation (e.g., straight-line method, declining-balance method, sum-of-the-year-digits method)

Business Education

Standard 5.

Understands the concepts of assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity

Topic

Financial records

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Uses common methods of computing depreciation (e.g., straight-line method, declining-balance method, sum-of-the-year-digits method)

Vocabulary terms
A. depreciation computation

Knowledge/skill statements

Uses the straight-line method for computing depreciation

Uses the declining-balance method for computing depreciation

Uses the sum-of-the-year-digits method for computing depreciation

Citation Log: BP(BE,17;TBE,34;P18.2E,11)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the concept of profit and the computation of the break-even point for a business (i.e., total fixed costs ÷ [selling price - variable cost per unit])

Business Education

Standard 5.

Understands the concepts of assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity

Topics

1. Profit and loss; 2. Financial records

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Understands the concept of profit and the computation of the break-even point for a business (i.e., total fixed costs ÷ [selling price - variable cost per unit])

Vocabulary terms
A. profit
B. break-even point computation

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the concept of profit

Understands the computation of the break-even point for a business

Understands the computation of the break-even point is total fixed costs divided by selling price minus variable cost per unit

Citation Log: BD(MBE,20;BE,84;P18.2E,3;TME,30)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the difference between current assets (i.e., expected to be converted into cash within 12 months, such as cash or merchandise), fixed assets (i.e., used over a period of several years of normal operations, such as a building a retailer owns), and intangible assets (e.g., reputation of servicing the public, franchise fees, patents, copyrights)

Business Education

Standard 5.

Understands the concepts of assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity

Topics

1. Money supply; 2. Business assets and liabilities

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Vocabulary terms
A. types of assets

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands that current assets are those expected to be converted into cash within 12 months

Knows that cash and merchandise are examples of current assets

Understands that fixed assets are those used over a period of several years of normal operations

Knows that an example of a fixed asset is a building that a retailer owns

Understands that an example of an intangible assets is a reputation for public service

Understands that an example of an intangible assets is franchise fees

Understands that an example of an intangible assets is patents

Understands that an example of an intangible assets is copyrights

Citation Log: BD(BE,16;P18.2E,4)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the concept of liabilities (i.e., debts incurred by the business to acquire assets)

Business Education

Standard 5.

Understands the concepts of assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity

Topics

1. Business assets and liabilities; 2. Money management

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 4.

Understands the concept of liabilities (i.e., debts incurred by the business to acquire assets)

Vocabulary terms
A. liabilities

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands that liabilities are debts incurred by a business to acquire assets

Citation Log: BD(BE,17;P18.2E,7)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the difference between current liabilities (i.e., an obligation that will be paid by a current asset) and long-term liabilities (i.e., debts that are due after 12 months of maturity) and their impact on financial statements

Business Education

Standard 5.

Understands the concepts of assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity

Topics

1. Business assets and liabilities; 2. Financial records

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 5.

Vocabulary terms
A. current liabilities
B. long-term liabilities
C. financial statement

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands that current liabilities are those with an obligation that will be paid by a current asset

Understands that a long-term liability is a debt that is due after 12 months of maturity

Understands the impact of current liabilities on financial statements

Understands the impact of long-term liabilities on financial statements

Citation Log: BD(BE,17;P18.2E,7)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands appropriate accounting techniques used to account for investments and withdrawals by owners

Business Education

Standard 5.

Understands the concepts of assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity

Topics

1. Financial records; 2. Investment

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 6.

Understands appropriate accounting techniques used to account for investments and withdrawals by owners

Vocabulary terms
A. accounting techniques for investments
B. accounting techniques for withdrawals

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands appropriate accounting techniques used to account for investments by owners

Understands appropriate accounting techniques used to account for withdrawals by owners

Citation Log: BD(BE,18)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the concept of dividends

Business Education

Standard 5.

Understands the concepts of assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity

Topic

Financial records

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 7.

Understands the concept of dividends

Vocabulary terms
A. dividends

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows the concept of dividends

Citation Log: BD(BE,18;TBI,61)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Business Law

Understands how the legal system affects business

Business Education

Standard 6.

Understands how the legal system affects business

Business Education

Standard 6 : Understands how the legal system affects business

Reference code: BE,22;CBE,BE-10

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Understands the similarities and differences between common law, statutory law, procedural law, substantive law, and agency regulations

Business Education

Standard 6.

Understands how the legal system affects business

Topic

Legal system and legislation

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Understands the similarities and differences between common law, statutory law, procedural law, substantive law, and agency regulations

Vocabulary terms
A. common law
B. agency regulations

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the differences between common law and agency regulations

Understands the similarities between common law and agency regulations

Understands the differences between statutory law and agency regulations

Understands the similarities between statutory law and agency regulations

Understands the differences between procedural law and agency regulations

Understands the similarities between procedural law and agency regulations

Understands the differences between substantive law and agency regulations

Understands the similarities between substantive law and agency regulations

Citation Log: BD(BE,23;TBE,45)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Knows common sources of law

Business Education

Standard 6.

Understands how the legal system affects business

Topic

Legal system and legislation

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Knows common sources of law

Vocabulary terms
A. sources of law

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows that laws have different sources

Citation Log: BD(BE,23)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the process courts use to make law, and the importance of precedent in the legal system

Business Education

Standard 6.

Understands how the legal system affects business

Topic

Legal system and legislation

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Understands the process courts use to make law, and the importance of precedent in the legal system

Vocabulary terms
A. law making
B. legal precedent

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the process courts use to make law

Understands the importance of precedent in the legal system

Citation Log: BD(BE,23;CBI,BE-10)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the jurisdiction and function of state courts, federal courts, appellate courts, and the Supreme Court

Business Education

Standard 6.

Understands how the legal system affects business

Topic

Legal system and legislation

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 4.

Understands the jurisdiction and function of state courts, federal courts, appellate courts, and the Supreme Court

Vocabulary terms
A. jurisdiction of courts
B. function of courts

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the jurisdiction of state courts

Understands the jurisdiction of federal courts

Understands the jurisdiction of appellate courts

Understands the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court

Understands the function of state courts

Understands the function of federal courts

Understands the function of appellate courts

Understands the function of the Supreme Court

Citation Log: BD(BE,23)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the advantages and disadvantages of various methods for resolving disputes, such as litigation, arbitration, mediation, and conciliation

Business Education

Standard 6.

Understands how the legal system affects business

Topics

1. Legal system and legislation; 2. Cooperation and conflict

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 5.

Understands the advantages and disadvantages of various methods for resolving disputes, such as litigation, arbitration, mediation, and conciliation

Vocabulary terms
A. dispute resolution

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the advantages of various methods for resolving disputes

Understands the disadvantages of various methods for resolving disputes

Understands the advantages of litigation for resolving disputes

Understands the advantages of arbitration for resolving disputes

Understands the advantages of mediation for resolving disputes

Understands the advantages of conciliation for resolving disputes

Understands the disadvantages of mediation for resolving disputes

Understands the disadvantages of arbitration for resolving disputes

Understands the disadvantages of mediation for resolving disputes

10.

Understands the disadvantages of conciliation for resolving disputes

Citation Log: BD(BE,23;CCE,67-68)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Knows different kinds of business crimes (e.g., arson, forgery, fraud, embezzlement)

Business Education

Standard 6.

Understands how the legal system affects business

Topics

1. Legal system and legislation; 2. Business and ethics

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 6.

Knows different kinds of business crimes (e.g., arson, forgery, fraud, embezzlement)

Vocabulary terms
A. business crime

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows about arson as a business crime

Knows about forgery as a business crime

Knows about fraud as a business crime

Knows about embezzlement as a business crime

Citation Log: BD(BE,24)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Knows the characteristics of the major types of business organizations

Business Education

Standard 7.

Knows the characteristics of the major types of business organizations

Business Education

Standard 7 : Knows the characteristics of the major types of business organizations

Reference code: BE,27-28

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Understands the purpose and responsibilities of partners

Business Education

Standard 7.

Knows the characteristics of the major types of business organizations

Topic

Business organizations

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Understands the purpose and responsibilities of partners

Vocabulary terms
A. business partner

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the purpose of partners

Understands the responsibilities of partners

Citation Log: BD(BE,27;P3.2E,8;P7.2E,5-6;QE,71)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Knows the characteristics of different kinds of partners (e.g., secret, silent, dormant)

Business Education

Standard 7.

Knows the characteristics of the major types of business organizations

Topic

Business organizations

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Knows the characteristics of different kinds of partners (e.g., secret, silent, dormant)

Vocabulary terms
A. secret partners
B. silent partners
C. dormant partners
D. business partner

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows the characteristics of different kinds of partners

Knows the characteristics of secret partners

Knows the characteristics of silent partners

Knows the characteristics of dormant partners

Citation Log: BD(BE,27)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands that a corporation is a legally defined entity

Business Education

Standard 7.

Knows the characteristics of the major types of business organizations

Topic

Business organizations

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Understands that a corporation is a legally defined entity

Vocabulary terms
A. corporation
B. legally-defined entity

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands corporations are legally defined entities

Citation Log: BD(BE,27;P7.2E,9)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the nature of contract law, law of sales, and consumer law

Business Education

Standard 8.

Understands the nature of contract law, law of sales, and consumer law

Business Education

Standard 8 : Understands the nature of contract law, law of sales, and consumer law

Reference code: BE,24-25

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Understands legislation protecting the rights of consumers (e.g., Fair Credit Reporting Act, Fair Credit Billing Act, Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Consumer Credit Protection Act, Federal Trade Commission Act, Consumer Product Safety Act)

Business Education

Standard 8.

Understands the nature of contract law, law of sales, and consumer law

Topics

1. Business regulations and codes; 2. Legal system and legislation

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Vocabulary terms
A. consumer rights legislation

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands how the Fair Credit Reporting Act protects the rights of consumers

Understands how the Fair Credit Billing Act protects the rights of consumers

Understands how the Equal Credit Opportunity Act protects the rights of consumers

Understands how the Consumer Credit Protection Act protects the rights of consumers

Understands how the Federal Trade Commission Act protects the rights of consumers

Understands how the Consumer Product Safety Act protects the rights of consumers

Citation Log: BD(BE,25;P12.2E,8-10)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Knows the characteristics of different kinds of contracts (e.g., express and implied, bilateral and unilateral, oral and written)

Business Education

Standard 8.

Understands the nature of contract law, law of sales, and consumer law

Topic

Business contracts

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Knows the characteristics of different kinds of contracts (e.g., express and implied, bilateral and unilateral, oral and written)

Vocabulary terms
A. characteristics of contracts

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows the characteristics of express contracts

Knows the characteristics of implied contracts

Knows the characteristics of bilateral contracts

Knows the characteristics of unilateral contracts

Knows the characteristics of oral contracts

Knows the characteristics of written contracts

Citation Log: BD(BE,24;P12.2E,12)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands rules pertaining to the interpretation and enforcement of contracts

Business Education

Standard 8.

Understands the nature of contract law, law of sales, and consumer law

Topic

Business contracts

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Understands rules pertaining to the interpretation and enforcement of contracts

Vocabulary terms
A. interpretation of contracts
B. enforcement of contracts

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the rules pertaining to the interpretation of contracts

Understands the rules pertaining to the enforcement of contracts

Citation Log: BD(BE,24;P12.2E,13-17;TBE,45)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands how different countries’ laws affect contractual transactions

Business Education

Standard 8.

Understands the nature of contract law, law of sales, and consumer law

Topics

1. Business contracts; 2. Legal system and legislation

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 4.

Understands how different countries’ laws affect contractual transactions

Vocabulary terms
A. laws in different countries
B. contractual transaction

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands laws affecting contractual transactions in various countries

Citation Log: BD(BE,24;CBI,BE-10)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the nature of agency law and employment law

Business Education

Standard 9.

Understands the nature of agency law and employment law

Business Education

Standard 9 : Understands the nature of agency law and employment law

Reference code: BE,26-27

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Understands the characteristics of different types of agents

Business Education

Standard 9.

Understands the nature of agency law and employment law

Topic

Business organization

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Understands the characteristics of different types of agents

Vocabulary terms
A. types of agents

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows about the role of different agents in business

Understands the characteristics of different types of agents

Citation Log: BD(BE,26)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands how specific pieces of legislation affect employers and workers (e.g,. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Occupational Safety and Health Act, workers’ compensation legislation, social security legislation, the National Labor Relations Act; the Taft-Hartley Act)

Business Education

Standard 9.

Understands the nature of agency law and employment law

Topics

1. Legal system and legislation; 2. Employee management

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Vocabulary terms
A. legislation affecting employers
B. legislation affecting workers

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands how specific pieces of legislation affect employers

Understands how specific pieces of legislation affect workers

Understands how Title VII of the Civil Rights Act affects employers and workers

Understands how the Americans with Disabilities Act affects employers and workers

Understands how the Family and Medical Leave Act affects employers and workers

Understands how the Occupational Safety and Health Act affects employers and workers

Understands how workers’ compensation legislation affects employers and workers

Understands how social security legislation affects employers and workers

Understands how the National Labor Relations Act affects employers and workers

10.

Understands how the Taft-Hartley Act affects employers and workers

Citation Log: BD(BE,26-27,P12.2E,7-8;TBE,43))

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the significance of the collective bargaining process

Business Education

Standard 9.

Understands the nature of agency law and employment law

Topics

1. Employee management; 2. Workplace Communication

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Understands the significance of the collective bargaining process

Vocabulary terms
A. collective bargaining

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the collective bargaining process

Understands the significance of the collective bargaining process

Citation Log: BD(BE,27)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands legal aspects of the hiring process (e.g., what questions cannot be asked during an interview; the legality of asking applicants to take aptitude, polygraph, psychological and/or drug tests)

Business Education

Standard 9.

Understands the nature of agency law and employment law

Topic

Employee management

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 4.

Vocabulary terms
A. hiring process

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands what questions cannot be asked during an interview

Understands the legality of asking applicants to take aptitude tests

Understands the legality of asking applicants to take polygraph tests

Understands the legality of asking applicants to take psychological tests

Understands the legality of asking applicants to take drug tests

Citation Log: BD(BE,26)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

10.

Understands the nature of environmental law and energy regulation

Business Education

Standard 10.

Understands the nature of environmental law and energy regulation

Business Education

Standard 10 : Understands the nature of environmental law and energy regulation

Reference code: BE,33-34

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Knows various federal legislation pertaining to environmental protection (e.g., the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, the Toxic Substance Control Act)

Business Education

Standard 10.

Understands the nature of environmental law and energy regulation

Topics

1. Business regulations and codes; 2. Legal system and legislation

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Knows various federal legislation pertaining to environmental protection (e.g., the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, the Toxic Substance Control Act)

Vocabulary terms
A. environmental protection legislation

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows about the Clean Air Act

Knows about the Clean Water Act

Knows about the National Environmental Policy Act

Knows about the Toxic Substance Control Act

Citation Log: BD(BE,34)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands the role of various federal agencies in regulating energy (e.g., the Department of Energy, the Energy Regulatory Commission, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission)

Business Education

Standard 10.

Understands the nature of environmental law and energy regulation

Topic

Business regulations and codes

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Understands the role of various federal agencies in regulating energy (e.g., the Department of Energy, the Energy Regulatory Commission, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission)

Vocabulary terms
A. federal regulation of energy

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the role of the Department of Energy in regulating energy

Understands the role of the Energy Regulatory Commission in regulating energy

Understands the role of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in regulating energy

Citation Log: BD(BE,34)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Knows state legislation pertaining to environmental protection and energy regulation

Business Education

Standard 10.

Understands the nature of environmental law and energy regulation

Topics

1. Business regulations and codes; 2. Legal system and legislation

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Knows state legislation pertaining to environmental protection and energy regulation

Vocabulary terms
A. state environmental protection legislation
B. state energy regulation legislation

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows state legislation pertaining to environmental protection

Knows state legislation pertaining to energy regulation

Citation Log: BD(BE,34;P12.2E,10)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

11.

Understands the legal implications of electronic communications and information systems on business

Business Education

Standard 11.

Understands the legal implications of electronic communications and information systems on business

Business Education

Standard 11 : Understands the legal implications of electronic communications and information systems on business

Reference code: NA

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Understands legal and ethical issues related to the ownership of electronically generated information

Business Education

Standard 11.

Understands the legal implications of electronic communications and information systems on business

Topics

1. Business and ethics; 2. Legal system and legislation; 3. Business technology

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Understands legal and ethical issues related to the ownership of electronically generated information

Vocabulary terms
A. ownership of electronic information

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands legal issues related to the ownership of electronically generated information

Understands ethical issues related to the ownership of electronically generated information

Citation Log: BD(IE,17;TBI,47)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Knows federal and state legislation that addresses computer crime

Business Education

Standard 11.

Understands the legal implications of electronic communications and information systems on business

Topics

1. Business and ethics; 2. Legal system and legislation; 3. Business technology

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Knows federal and state legislation that addresses computer crime

Vocabulary terms
A. federal computer crime legislation
B. state computer crime legislation

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows federal legislation that addresses computer crime

Knows state legislation that addresses computer crime

Citation Log: BD(BE,32;TBE,45)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Knows federal and state copyright and trademark laws that regulate computer hardware and software

Business Education

Standard 11.

Understands the legal implications of electronic communications and information systems on business

Topics

1. Business regulations and codes; 2. Business technology; 3. Legal system and legislation

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Knows federal and state copyright and trademark laws that regulate computer hardware and software

Vocabulary terms
A. trademark laws
B. copyright laws
C. computer hardware regulation
D. computer software regulation

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows federal copyright laws that regulate computer hardware and software

Knows state copyright laws that regulate computer hardware and software

Knows federal trademark laws that regulate computer hardware and software

Knows state trademark laws that regulate computer hardware and software

Citation Log: BD(BI,31;TBE,45)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands a variety of ethical issues related to information systems (e.g., issues related to property, privacy, access, and accuracy)

Business Education

Standard 11.

Understands the legal implications of electronic communications and information systems on business

Topics

1. Business and ethics; 2. Business technology

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 4.

Understands a variety of ethical issues related to information systems (e.g., issues related to property, privacy, access, and accuracy)

Vocabulary terms
A. information systems ethics

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands the ethics of property issues related to information systems

Understands the ethics of privacy issues related to information systems

Understands the ethics of access issues related to information systems

Understands the ethics of accuracy issues related to information systems

Citation Log: BD(N2E,71;TBI,42)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Knows legal issues resulting from new technological developments (e.g., computer snooping, software piracy, computer hacking)

Business Education

Standard 11.

Understands the legal implications of electronic communications and information systems on business

Topics

1. Technology in society; 2. Legal system and legislation; 3. Business technology

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 5.

Knows legal issues resulting from new technological developments (e.g., computer snooping, software piracy, computer hacking)

Vocabulary terms
A. technology legal issues

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows legal issues resulting from computer snooping

Knows legal issues resulting from software piracy

Knows legal issues resulting from computer hacking

Citation Log: BD(BE,124;TBI,42)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands key aspects of computer law

Business Education

Standard 11.

Understands the legal implications of electronic communications and information systems on business

Topics

1. Legal system and legislation; 2. Business technology

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 6.

Understands key aspects of computer law

Vocabulary terms
A. computer law

Knowledge/skill statements

Knows about the key aspects of computer law

Citation Log: BD(BE,31)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Business Mathematics

12.

Uses common international standards of measurement to solve business problems

Business Education

Standard 12.

Uses common international standards of measurement to solve business problems

Business Education

Standard 12 : Uses common international standards of measurement to solve business problems

Reference code: NA

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Access and uses information on exchange rates (e.g., makes conversions between United States dollar and foreign currency)

Business Education

Standard 12.

Uses common international standards of measurement to solve business problems

Topic

International trade

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Access and uses information on exchange rates (e.g., makes conversions between United States dollar and foreign currency)

Vocabulary terms
A. exchange rates

Knowledge/skill statements

Access information on exchange rates

Uses information on exchange rates

Knows how to make conversions between the United States dollar and foreign currency

Citation Log: BP(BE,57;CBE,BE-5)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Makes conversions between standard units of measurement and metric units

Business Education

Standard 12.

Uses common international standards of measurement to solve business problems

Topic

International trade

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Makes conversions between standard units of measurement and metric units

Vocabulary terms
A. measurement conversions

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands standard units of measurement

Understands metric units of measurement

Understands how to make conversions between standard units of measurement and metric units

Citation Log: BP(BE,57)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Solves real-world problems involving two- and three-dimensional measures (e.g., maximizing shelf space, designing floor displays)

Business Education

Standard 12.

Uses common international standards of measurement to solve business problems

Topic

Problem-solving

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Solves real-world problems involving two- and three-dimensional measures (e.g., maximizing shelf space, designing floor displays)

Vocabulary terms
A. real world problem solving
B. two-dimensional measures
C. three-dimensional measures

Knowledge/skill statements

Solves real-world problems involving two-dimensional measures

Solves real-world problems involving three-dimensional measures

Solves real-world problems such as maximizing shelf space

Solves real-world problems such as designing floor displays

Citation Log: BP(B2E;MI,157;PE,25;S3E,41)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

13.

Analyzes and interprets data using common statistical procedures, charts, and graphs

Business Education

Standard 13.

Analyzes and interprets data using common statistical procedures, charts, and graphs

Business Education

Standard 13 : Analyzes and interprets data using common statistical procedures, charts, and graphs

Reference code: NA

1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing

2nd letter code :
E = Explicitly stated in document
I = Implicit in document

Number:
Page number of the cited document

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Uses statistical concepts to analyze data, evaluate results, and draw conclusions (e.g., data found in financial reports)

Business Education

Standard 13.

Analyzes and interprets data using common statistical procedures, charts, and graphs

Topics

1. Problem-solving; 2. Business reports and documents; 3. Data collection and sampling

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 1.

Uses statistical concepts to analyze data, evaluate results, and draw conclusions (e.g., data found in financial reports)

Vocabulary terms
A. using statistics

Knowledge/skill statements

Uses statistical concepts to analyze data

Uses statistical concepts to evaluate results

Uses statistical concepts to draw conclusions

Uses statistical concepts to analyze data found in financial reports

Citation Log: BP(BE,57)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Uses tables, graphs, diagrams, and charts to obtain or convey quantitative information (e.g., manual or electronic representations)

Business Education

Standard 13.

Analyzes and interprets data using common statistical procedures, charts, and graphs

Topics

1. Spreadsheets/databases; 2. Business technology; 3. Data organization and display; 4. Data collection and sampling

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 2.

Uses tables, graphs, diagrams, and charts to obtain or convey quantitative information (e.g., manual or electronic representations)

Vocabulary terms
A. using tables
B. using graphs
C. using diagrams
D. using charts

Knowledge/skill statements

Uses tables to obtain quantitative information

Uses graphs to obtain quantitative information

Uses diagrams to obtain quantitative information

Uses charts to obtain quantitative information

Uses tables to convey quantitative information

Uses graphs to convey quantitative information

Uses diagrams to convey quantitative information

Uses charts to convey quantitative information

Uses manual representations to obtain quantitative information

10.

Uses manual representations to convey quantitative information

11.

Uses electronic representations to obtain quantitative information

12.

Uses electronic representations to convey quantitative information

Citation Log: BP(BE,57;MBE,BE-37;SCE,2-58)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Calculates measures of central tendency (i.e., mean, median, mode) and variability (e.g., standard deviation, range, quartile deviation)

Business Education

Standard 13.

Analyzes and interprets data using common statistical procedures, charts, and graphs

Topic

Data collection and sampling

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 3.

Calculates measures of central tendency (i.e., mean, median, mode) and variability (e.g., standard deviation, range, quartile deviation)

Vocabulary terms
A. measures of central tendency
B. measures of variability

Knowledge/skill statements

Calculates measures of central tendency

Calculates measures of variability

Calculates measures of mean

Calculates measures of median

Calculates measures of mode

Calculates measures of standard deviation

Calculates measures of range

Calculates measures of quartile deviation

Citation Log: BP(2E,229,291;BE,57;B1E,14;ME,107;PE,31;ST2E,56)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands how outliers may affect various representations of data (e.g., a regression line might be strongly influenced by a few aberrant points, whereas the scatter plot for the same data might suggest that the aberrant points represent mistakes)

Business Education

Standard 13.

Analyzes and interprets data using common statistical procedures, charts, and graphs

Topics

1. Data collection and sampling; 2. Data organization and display

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 4.

Vocabulary terms
A. effects of data outliers

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands that a regression line might be strongly influenced by a few aberrant points

Understands that a scatter plot might suggest that aberrant points represent mistakes

Citation Log: BD(ME,169;PE,31;ST3I,53)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands how the reader’s bias, measurement error, and display distortion can affect the interpretation of data

Business Education

Standard 13.

Analyzes and interprets data using common statistical procedures, charts, and graphs

Topics

1. Data organization and display; 2. Data collection and sampling

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 5.

Understands how the reader’s bias, measurement error, and display distortion can affect the interpretation of data

Vocabulary terms
A. effects of reader’s bias
B. effects of measurement error
C. effects of display distortion

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands how the reader’s bias can affect the interpretation of data

Understands how measurement error can affect the interpretation of data

Understands how the display distortion can affect the interpretation of data

Citation Log: BC(2E,230;ME,169;PE,31;ST3I,53)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

Understands that making an inference about a population from a sample always involves uncertainty and the role of statistics is to estimate the size of that uncertainty

Business Education

Standard 13.

Analyzes and interprets data using common statistical procedures, charts, and graphs

Topic

Data collection and sampling

Level IV (Grade 9-12)

Benchmark 6.

Understands that making an inference about a population from a sample always involves uncertainty and the role of statistics is to estimate the size of that uncertainty

Vocabulary terms
A. population sample
B. statistics
C. uncertainty

Knowledge/skill statements

Understands that making an inference about a population from a sample always involves uncertainty

Understands that the role of statistics is to estimate the size of uncertainty about an inference made from a sample

Citation Log: BD(2E,230;MI,105;PI,32;S3E,53)

Citation reference BD = benchmark, declarative BP = benchmark, procedural BC = benchmark, contextual 1st letter/number of each code in parentheses:
2	Project 2061: Benchmarks for Science Literacy
AT	AEC: Australian Technology Standards
B	NBEA: National Standards for Business Education
B1,2	International Baccalaureate Math: Middle, High
BE	International Baccalaureate: Economics
C	Colorado Council on Economic Education
CB	California Business Education Framework
CC	CCE: National Standards for Civics
E	NCEE: Framework for Economics
G	Georgia Business Education Standards
GM	Georgia Marketing
I	Iowa School-to-Work Standards
J	JCEE: Economics, What and When
M	NCTM: Curric. & Eval. Standards for Math
MB	Model Programs for Business Education
MF	MarkED Foundations
N	EconomicsAmerica: NCEE Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics
N2	Nebraska Business Standards
NA	NAEP: Civics Consensus Project
NC	North Carolina Comprehensive Standards
ND	New York Career Development Standards
NS	NCISE: Science and Technology Education (Middle)
NY	New York Business Standards
P	NAEP: Mathematics Assessment Framework
PX.#	PACE: Program for Acquiring Competence in Entrepreneurship, X = unit number; # = level
Q	Queensland Business Organization and Management
QC	Quigley, Civitas
R	ITEA: Technology for All Americans
S	NCSS: Curriculum Standards in Social Studies
SC	SCANS: Skills and Tasks for Jobs
SS	National Science Education Standards
ST2,3	New Standards: Middle, High
TB	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Business Education
TM	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Marketing Education
TT	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Application
W	Wisconsin Marketing
2nd letter code : E = Explicitly stated in document I = Implicit in document Number: Page number of the cited document

14.

Uses basic mathematical operations to solve business problems

Business Education
Standard 14.	Uses basic mathematical operations to solve business problems
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Computes various taxes (e.g., individual income, property, sales, employer, employee)
	2.	Uses percentages to calculates interest in various situations (e.g., simple annuity, sinking fund, mortgage loan)
	3.	Differentiates between various savings and investment opportunities
	4.	Understands cash management (e.g., reconciling bank statements with check registers, reconciling and replenishing petty cash funds and cash drawers)
	5.	Makes financial statement calculations (e.g., net sales, gross profit, operating expenses, net profit for the income statement; total assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity for the balance sheet; cash flow)
	6.	Understands credit management (e.g., calculates outstanding amount for installment purchases, calculates finance charges, compare cash prices to installment prices, calculates the effects of early payoff of an installment plan)
	7.	Makes sales computations (e.g., net sales, percent of markup, percent of markdown)
	8.	Makes inventory record computations (e.g., determine inventory valuation; calculates cost in relation to inventories using purchase prices, transportation costs, taxes)
	9.	Makes calculations relating to depreciation, cost recovery, and depletion (e.g., calculates the depletion of natural resources, calculates book value)
	10.	Understands various sources of discrepancy between an estimate and a calculated answer
	11.	Uses formulas and equations to determine price, profit, costs, and break-even points
	12.	Uses recurrence relations (i.e., formulas expressing each term as a function of one or more of the previous terms, such as the Fibonacci sequence or the compound interest equation) to model and to solve real-world problems (e.g., home mortgages, annuities)

Entrepreneurship

15.

Knows unique characteristics of an entrepreneur

Business Education
Standard 15.	Knows unique characteristics of an entrepreneur
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows factors that contribute to a professional image (e.g., appearance, speech, writing, etiquette, integrity, ethics)
	2.	Knows that entrepreneurship relates to the capacity to take responsibility for one’s own future, to initiate creative ideas, develop them, and to carry them through into action in a determined manner
	3.	Knows personal, social, family, and career advantages (e.g, personal achievement, enhanced community status, family involvement, greater career potential) and disadvantages (e.g., loss of personal time, loss of corporate resources, diminished family security, loss of job security) of owning a business

16.

Knows characteristics and features of viable business opportunities

Business Education
Standard 16.	Knows characteristics and features of viable business opportunities
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows characteristics of a successful business (e.g., marketable idea, opportunity/plan, competitive advantage)
	2.	Knows options for going into business (e.g., starting up a new business, buying an established business, acquiring a franchise)
	3.	Knows that starting a new business involves substantial risk; purchasing an existing business or buying a franchise reduces the risk involved with going into business
	4.	Knows shifts in the marketplace creates unmet consumer needs and new businesses are created to meet these needs
	5.	Knows the types of businesses in existence in their community and other information about their geographical area (e.g., population demographics, levels of unemployment, percentage of people that own their own home)

17.

Understands that cultural difference, export/import opportunities, and current trends in a global marketplace can affect an entrepreneurial venture

Business Education
Standard 17.	Understands that cultural difference, export/import opportunities, and current trends in a global marketplace can affect an entrepreneurial venture
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows that entrepreneurs wishing to do business in another culture must understands that language and behaviors used in the American culture will not always be useful in a foreign culture (e.g., slogans that don’t translate meaningfully or are insulting after translation)
	2.	Knows ways businesses can take part in international trade (e.g., manufacturers can build cost-saving factories in other countries; retailers may buy imported products to sell in the domestic market; consultants can travel to other countries to uses their expertise)
	3.	Knows some reasons entrepreneurs would want to trade with other countries (e.g., prices of goods may be lower in other countries, competition in other countries may not be as intense, profit margins may be higher in other countries)
	4.	Knows sources that provide information about exporting and importing opportunities (e.g., trade associations, foreign trade journals, government agencies)
	5.	Knows factors to be considered when selecting the country and market to do business with (e.g., extent of economic development, size of population, purchasing power of population)
	6.	Knows methods used to identify business trends (e.g., designing, conducting, and analyzing surveys)

18.

Understands how ethics, government, and different forms of business ownership affect the entrepreneurial venture

Business Education
Standard 18.	Understands how ethics, government, and different forms of business ownership affect the entrepreneurial venture
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows that even though entrepreneurs may feel overwhelmed by the number and scope of government regulations, those regulations promote competition and protect various groups or society as a whole (e.g., government sets standards for pure food and drugs)
	2.	Knows that government regulations can affect the daily operations and basic decisions involved in the running of a business (e.g., what prices can be charged, what percentage of profit can be kept)
	3.	Knows federal, state, and local, code, licensing, and tax requirements
	4.	Knows key regulatory agencies pertaining to the operation of small businesses (e.g., Federal Trade Commission, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Environmental Protection Agency)
	5.	Understands that most of the transactions done in business involve contracts (e.g., oral or written legally enforceable agreements between two or more people), and that contracts contain five basic elements (e.g., agreement, consideration, capacity, legality, mutuality of consent)
	6.	Knows that choosing the type of ownership depends on many factors (e.g., personal feelings about risk, financial situation, tax laws, business needs) and that there is not one best form of ownership
	7.	Knows sources available to help entrepreneurs choose a form of ownership (e.g., attorneys, accountants, Small Business Administration, clubs)

19.

Understands the characteristics and components of a business plan

Business Education
Standard 19.	Understands the characteristics and components of a business plan
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows that developing a business plan is a complex undertaking that involves information related to almost all areas of business
	2.	Understands that although the risks of failure in starting a new business are relatively high, the development of a business plan is one factor reducing the chance of small business failure
	3.	Knows questions that a business plan helps answer (e.g., what the goals of the business are, how the goals will be accomplished, the reasons for choosing a particular business idea, when the business will show a profit, the location of the business)
	4.	Knows what information needs to be included in each of the sections of a business plan (e.g., the marketing plan should contain a marketing analysis and strategy; the management and organization plan should address what the management functions are and who will fill them)
	5.	Knows sources of assistance for developing a business plan

20.

Understands the financing necessary to start a business

Business Education
Standard 20.	Understands the financing necessary to start a business
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows factors that affect the amount of money needed to start a business (e.g., nature, size, and location of the business; current economic conditions; credit policies)
	2.	Knows the advantages and disadvantages of equity financing (e.g., advantages: all profits go to the owner, may provide owner greater incentive to succeed, disadvantages: risk of losing money that may have taken years to accumulate, may have to live in less style than accustomed to)
	3.	Knows the advantages and disadvantages of debt financing (e.g., advantages: it may be easier to borrow money than save it, interest on a business loan is tax deductible; disadvantages: high interest rates can make borrowing very expensive, limitations or restrictions that lenders may put on loans)
	4.	Knows major types of loans used to finance a business (e.g., short-term loans, intermediate term loans, long-term loans)
	5.	Knows the financial statements a lender would evaluate when considering whether to grant a loan to an entrepreneur (e.g., projected income statement, cashflow statement, balance sheet)

Information Systems Management

21.

Knows the characteristics and uses of computer hardware

Business Education
Standard 21.	Knows the characteristics and uses of computer hardware
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows hardware components appropriate for specific tasks (e.g., types of printers needed for a publishing business; cash registers and price scanners used in various retail settings)
	2.	Knows features and uses of emerging technology (e.g., optical character recognition, video conferencing, wireless devices)
	3.	Identifies malfunctions and problems in hardware (e.g., evaluate why a school fax machine is not working and uses vendor “help lines” to solve the problem; take the proper steps to make an inoperative business printer work) and follow maintenance instructions for keeping relevant equipment in good working order
	4.	Knows proper set-up of workstations (e.g., ergonomics, lighting, ventilation, cabling)

22.

Knows the characteristics and uses of industry- and subject-specific computer software programs

Business Education
Standard 22.	Knows the characteristics and uses of industry- and subject-specific computer software programs
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Uses database software to enter, sort, search, and retrieve data (e.g., sort patient records according to admission date in a hospital database; look to see if a car part is in stock for an auto repair business)
	2.	Uses spreadsheet software to update, add, and delete data and to produce documents (e.g., classroom grade totals, profit-loss statements, charts and graphs showing increase in customers eating at a restaurant)
	3.	Uses presentation and multimedia software to design, create, edit, and format presentations (e.g., a sales campaign presentation, a report about new manufacturing technologies, a description of veterinary procedures)
	4.	Uses word processing software to produce documents (e.g., manuscripts, business letters, memorandums, resumes)
	5.	Uses desktop publishing software to produce a variety of publications (e.g., newsletters, brochures, instructional manuals)
	6.	Uses various resources (e.g., on-line help, tutorials, manuals) to troubleshoot problems with software
	7.	Knows that different types of software exist for different subjects and industries (e.g., accounting software, marketing software, production software, health services industry software, aerospace industry software, agricultural industry software)
	8.	Uses appropriate storage devices for software (e.g., floppy or hard disks, magnetic tape)

23.

Knows the characteristics and uses of operating systems, environments, and utilities

Business Education
Standard 23.	Knows the characteristics and uses of operating systems, environments, and utilities
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows the different types of operating systems (e.g., multiuser, multitasking, single user)
	2.	Knows operating systems, environments, and utilities appropriate to specific hardware and software
	3.	Researches emerging operating systems
	4.	Knows how to organize and maintain directories and files using various operating systems
	5.	Knows how to integrate applications and files from different operating systems (e.g., Apple OS files to MS-DOS files) to produce business quality products and documents
	6.	Knows operating system commands
	7.	Knows how to import, export, and merge data in different formats (e.g., text, graphics)
	8.	Knows how different operating systems rate in terms of ease of uses and functionality

24.

Knows characteristics and uses of communications and networking systems

Business Education
Standard 24.	Knows characteristics and uses of communications and networking systems
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows types of communications hardware and software and their functions and uses (e.g., modems, Internet search software tools)
	2.	Uses interactive electronic communication (e.g., mail, image transfer, remote bulletin board access, on-line information services) to send and receive information and to interact effectively among coworkers (e.g., to reschedule a meeting)
	3.	Understands concepts of a computer network (e.g., single user and multiuser systems, local area networks, wide area networks)
	4.	Knows factors influencing the selection of a telecommunications or networking system(e.g., cost, ease of use, time lines)

25.

Understands the selection and acquisition of information systems

Business Education
Standard 25.	Understands the selection and acquisition of information systems
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows steps involved in developing a plan for implementing new and emerging technology (e.g., research emerging information systems tools)
	2.	Knows places to obtain information systems hardware and software
	3.	Knows how to establish selection criteria for technology tools needed to address business applications and needs
	4.	Uses selection criteria to choose information systems suitable for particular situations

26.

Knows appropriate procedures and development tools used to analyze and design information systems

Business Education
Standard 26.	Knows appropriate procedures and development tools used to analyze and design information systems
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows some reasons for using information systems (e.g., complex jobs may be handled more easily by a system; ease of uses may benefit physically disabled workers; speed and accuracy of processing may improve worker efficiency and effectiveness)
	2.	Knows the information needs of personnel (e.g., managers uses summary information to make policy decisions, keyboard operators uses raw data to prioritize daily jobs)
	3.	Understands design issues related to information systems (e.g., data dependence, redundancy, performance, optimization, cost-effectiveness)
	4.	Knows how to perform a critical analysis of a computer system in commercial, industrial, or educational settings
	5.	Knows issues encountered when designing a computer system to meet particular needs (e.g., functionality, ease of use, cost, number of uses, performance, standards)
	6.	Knows factors affecting acquisition of equipment for an information system (e.g., warranties, support and service, reliability and reputation, cost)

27.

Understands different types and levels of programming languages

Business Education
Standard 27.	Understands different types and levels of programming languages
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows functions and features of different languages and emerging languages (e.g., machine code, assembly language, high-level language)
	2.	Knows programming languages appropriate for various tasks
	3.	Knows the differences between and how to interpret source and object codes
	4.	Knows how to develop code with correct and efficient uses of constant and variable data, and sequential, conditional, and repetitive control structures
	5.	Knows how to test for program correctness using effective coding, design, and test data.
	6.	Knows how to debug a program using appropriate techniques (e.g., controlled breaks, printing of intermediate results)
	7.	Understands the difference between syntax errors and logic errors
	8.	Knows how to document a complete structure program (e.g., preconditions and postconditions of program segments, input/output specifications) with appropriately placed comments
	9.	Understands algorithmic representations (e.g., pseudocode, flowcharts, Nassi-Schneiderman diagram)

28.

Understands plans and procedures for maintaining the security of information systems

Business Education
Standard 28.	Understands plans and procedures for maintaining the security of information systems
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Identifies security risks to information systems facilities, data, communications systems, and applications
	2.	Knows federal and state laws pertaining to computer crime, fraud, abuse, and electronic security breeches
	3.	Knows effective controls for the maintenance of confidentiality in information systems facilities, data, communications, and applications (e.g., passwords, restricted access)
	4.	Knows precautions that can be taken to protect against electronic viruses and computer crime
	5.	Knows procedures used to restart and recover from possibly damaging situations (e.g., system failure, computer virus)

29.

Establishes and uses a personal code of ethics for information systems uses and management

Business Education
Standard 29.	Establishes and uses a personal code of ethics for information systems uses and management
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows standard rules followed within organizations for the handling of confidential information (e.g., a patient’s medical information, information concerning a product in development at a manufacturer)
	2.	Knows ethical issues and problems relating to information systems (e.g., privacy, property, access)
	3.	Knows acceptable telecommunications ethics, etiquette, guidelines, and laws
	4.	Understands the concepts of information systems integrity and confidentiality in the business environment and knows the risks of a breach of confidentiality

30.

Understands the impact of information systems and technology on business and society

Business Education
Standard 30.	Understands the impact of information systems and technology on business and society
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Understands that information systems and technology have affected social ideals (e.g., worker/manager protocols; attitudes toward work, family, school, other cultures)
	2.	Knows how information systems and technology have caused greater interdependence among workers, organizations, and nations (e.g., workers that travel frequently can keep in close touch with the office via cell phone and e-mail)
	3.	Understands how information systems and technology have changed the breadth and level of worker responsibilities (e.g., electronic funds transfer reduces the duties of a bank teller)
	4.	Knows ways that information systems and technology have contributed to worker productivity (e.g., information systems technology has taken over some repetitive, boring, time-consuming tasks, freeing employees up for other work)
	5.	Knows economic effects of using information systems (e.g., high cost to business when purchasing equipment, reduced staff numbers, retraining of staff)
	6.	Knows that the implementation of information systems and technology may help to resolve conflicts within the workplace (e.g., acquiring new skills may allow for job rotation to help reduce employee boredom)
	7.	Understands the relationship of rapidly changing technology and information systems to global competition, and job creation, obsolescence and supply/demand

International Business

31.

Understands significant aspects of international business and trade and the opportunities they creates at the local, state, national, and international level

Business Education
Standard 31.	Understands significant aspects of international business and trade and the opportunities they creates at the local, state, national, and international level
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows the resources of major cities of the world (e.g., ports; trade routes; transportation centers; foreign trade zones; natural, financial, and human resources)
	2.	Knows ways in which participation in international trade affects a country’s economic potential to improve its quality of life
	3.	Understands the impact of the importing and exporting process (e.g., benefits and costs of indirect and direct exporting; reasons businesses export; different forms of importing)
	4.	Knows regions that are significant to international trade (e.g., European Community, Middle East, Pacific Rim, South and Central America, United States, Canada, Mexico, Commonwealth of Independent States)
	5.	Understands factors that influence the balance of international trade (e.g., different types of trade barriers, international trade agreements, positive and negative trade balances, the influence of trade sanctions)
	6.	Understands the elements of international finance (e.g., currency values and foreign exchange rates; the effects of international currency exchange and foreign exchange markets on international business; elements of the international monetary system)
	7.	Understands the role of risk management in international business (e.g., types of risks; ways to protect against trade risks)

32.

Understands the social, cultural, political, legal, and economic factors and issues that shape and impact the international business environment

Business Education
Standard 32.	Understands the social, cultural, political, legal, and economic factors and issues that shape and impact the international business environment
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows unique social and cultural factors that affect international business activities (e.g., social roles of women and minorities in various subpopulations; time zones; workday; workweek; schedules; holidays)
	2.	Knows factors that affect the choice of location for international companies (e.g., trade barriers, tariffs, quotas, taxation policies)
	3.	Understands the impact of political environments and geography on international business (e.g., climate; time zones; distance; topography; social, economic, and natural resources; geographic factors such as natural resources and natural harbors)
	4.	Understands the impact of culture on international business (e.g., ways in which language, behavior, values, and attitudes influence relations between trading partners; the impact of cultural traditions on international business practices; the importance of understanding the cultural background of international business partners)
	5.	Understands the characteristics of marketing in international business (e.g., types of media used in foreign markets; advertising strategies and techniques used in foreign markets; strategies for increasing a business’s involvement in international markets; elements of multinational and mass marketing; similarities and differences between international consumer markets and commercial markets)
	6.	Understands ways in which social, cultural, technological, and geographic factors influence patterns of consumer buying in different cultures
	7.	Knows factors that influence international business management (e.g., environmental factors that influence the uses of specific organizational structures; cultural factors that influence the uses of specific managerial styles in different countries; different approaches to human resource management in international business)

Legal and Ethical Responsibilities

33.

Understands the obligations of businesses to the government and the community

Business Education
Standard 33.	Understands the obligations of businesses to the government and the community
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows arguments for having more or less government regulation of business
	2.	Understands how government regulation has affected specific industries (e.g. long-distance telephone service, broadcasting)
	3.	Knows which government agencies are responsible for regulating various industries (e.g. FTC, FCC, USDA, CPSC)
	4.	Knows ways in which businesses can influence government regulations (e.g., by lobbying government officials)
	5.	Knows arguments concerning how and why businesses should be involved in their community
	6.	Understands the importance of social responsibilities in the business world

34.

Understands the role of ethics in the business world

Business Education
Standard 34.	Understands the role of ethics in the business world
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Understands the similarities and differences between the ethical systems of different cultures
	2.	Understands how ethics differs from governmental regulations
	3.	Knows that new governmental regulations are sometimes implemented in response to illegal or unethical business practices
	4.	Knows ethical issues resulting from increased global competition (e.g., foreigners dumping products on the market at below-cost prices to drive competitors out of business; competing countries that tolerate questionable labor practices, bribery, corruption, and human rights violations)
	5.	Knows the benefits and conflicts that can result from businesses lobbying government officials (e.g., new regulations that foster economic growth; new regulations that benefit a single company at the expense of its competitors)
	6.	Knows ethical issues affecting consumers (e.g., truth in advertising, shoplifting)
	7.	Knows ethical issues related to marketing (e.g., truth in selling, truth in packaging, price fixing, industrial espionage)

35.

Understands ethical concepts, including integrity and confidentiality, as related to the business environment

Business Education
Standard 35.	Understands ethical concepts, including integrity and confidentiality, as related to the business environment
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Understands the importance of maintaining confidentiality in the work place (e.g. keeping a patients medical records confidential)
	2.	Understands the importance of respecting individual differences and promoting the just and equal treatment of all people in the workplace
	3.	Knows ethical issues involving employer/employee relationships (e.g., poor working conditions, hours wasted on the job, employee theft)
	4.	Knows what constitutes a business code of ethical behavior
	5.	Understands how society and the economy benefit from citizens having an ethical and legal life style
	6.	Knows techniques for solving problems that include ethical considerations
	7.	Knows types of unethical behavior that have been known to exist in the workplace

Management

36.

Understands the functions of management and how they are implemented

Business Education
Standard 36.	Understands the functions of management and how they are implemented
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Understands the role of strategic planning in a business
	2.	Knows the steps involved in developing a budget
	3.	Knows tools used in project planning (e.g., PERT, Gantt)
	4.	Knows management functions and how they are used (e.g., planning, organizing, directing, controlling, staffing, and evaluating)
	5.	Understands the benefits and drawbacks associated with centralization and decentralization
	6.	Understands ways in which organizations facilitate accountability through authority and responsibility
	7.	Knows a variety of leadership styles and their effectiveness in different situations (e.g., hands-off, autocratic/directive, worker involvement)
	8.	Knows a variety of management styles
	9.	Understands the importance of financial management to business operations
	10.	Knows a variety of historical and present management theories (e.g., X, Y, and Z; Total Quality Management)
	11.	Knows motivational theories that affect management theory (e.g., Maslow, Herzberg)

37.

Understands the role of quality and continuous improvement in business organizations

Business Education
Standard 37.	Understands the role of quality and continuous improvement in business organizations
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows strategic choices regarding quality that influence business operations (e.g., quality management issues such as getting the entire organization to commit to quality improvement; quality control issues such as methods for achieving goals concerning quality)
	2.	Knows the principles of Total Quality Management
	3.	Understands reasons for establishing quality standards in a business (e.g., ensuring quality work, monitoring the processes and products of the firm)
	4.	Understands the role of the employer and employee in quality production (e.g., establishing quality standards or a quality management program; being responsible for quality and corrective actions)
	5.	Knows ways in which quality assurance approaches are applied to business processes (e.g., statistical control process)
	6.	Understands the role of quality assurance measures in product/service planning (e.g., warranties, service contracts)
	7.	Understands the relationship between quality and continuous improvement and profit
	8.	Knows factors that influence the quality of a business organization’s services (e.g., staffing and employee training; strategic, design, and operation choices and decisions)
	9.	Understands ways in which employee training and development can improve an organization’s work force (e.g., increased productivity, decreased absenteeism and turnover, decreased cost of materials and equipment due to errors, increased pay raises and more autonomy among employees)

38.

Understands a variety of strategies used to make long-term and short-term management decisions

Business Education
Standard 38.	Understands a variety of strategies used to make long-term and short-term management decisions
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Understands how a sales forecast can be a short-term or long-term plan
	2.	Understands ways in which dynamic foreign exchange rates influence the profitability of business firms
	3.	Knows a variety of traditional and nontraditional sources used to secure financing (e.g., equity financing such as personal savings, family and friends, forming a partnership, or using venture capital; debt financing such as borrowing; short-term loans; long-term loans; government loans)
	4.	Understands the importance of research to business planning and development
	5.	Understands the impact of cultural differences on the ways in which business decisions are made
	6.	Knows how financial data is used to make business decisions (e.g., income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, statement of net worth)

39.

Understands various organizational structures and the advantages and disadvantages of each

Business Education
Standard 39.	Understands various organizational structures and the advantages and disadvantages of each
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows different forms of business ownership (e.g., franchises, employee stock ownership program; sole proprietorship, corporation, and partnerships in international business; limited liability corporation; limited liability partnership; non-profit)
	2.	Understands the interrelationships of different organizational models (e.g., line, line and staff, functional)
	3.	Knows situations in which multinational companies should uses alternative organizational structures (e.g., holding companies, divisions, joint ventures)
	4.	Knows the advantages and disadvantages of different business organizations

40.

Understands general managerial skills and strategies

Business Education
Standard 40.	Understands general managerial skills and strategies
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows the elements involved in time management (e.g., planning, organizing, directing, controlling, evaluating)
	2.	Knows resources that are used to make professional contacts (e.g., career development centers, business schools, alumni, business leaders)
	3.	Knows strategies used to develop liaisons with community and professional organizations (e.g., internships, volunteer work, membership in organizations)

41.

Understands human resource management issues and how they affect the success of the organization

Business Education
Standard 41.	Understands human resource management issues and how they affect the success of the organization
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows factors that contribute to employee development (e.g., orientation and employee training; continuous training; the benefits associated with workshops, conferences, course work, and professional associations)
	2.	Knows procedures used in the employee evaluation process
	3.	Knows elements of job descriptions and how they are used in the recruiting process
	4.	Knows ways in which management and employees can address human resource concerns (e.g.,the grievance process, the collective bargaining process)
	5.	Knows how federal legislation has affected organized labor and management
	6.	Knows policies and procedures used to manage compensation (e.g., company performance, benchmarking, profit sharing)
	7.	Knows criteria used to promote employees
	8.	Knows issues associated with displaced employees (e.g., programs to assist displaced employees; whether companies are responsible for providing retraining programs and severance packages)
	9.	Understands elements of downsizing (e.g., internal and external factors that affect downsizing; the consequences of downsizing on the individual, company, economy, and society)
	10.	Understands the importance of timely communication of information pertinent to employees (e.g., company handbook, newsletters, memos)
	11.	Knows legal and illegal strategies used by labor and management to gain competitive advantage in contract negotiations (e.g., strikes, boycotts, layoffs, lockouts; wildcat strikes, secondary boycotts, preventing workers from forming unions)
	12.	Understands how worker participation in labor unions has changed over time

42.

Understands operations management principles and procedures

Business Education
Standard 42.	Understands operations management principles and procedures
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows the elements of a production schedule
	2.	Knows domestic and international sources of raw materials and parts
	3.	Knows advantages and disadvantages of producing parts internally and procuring parts from external sources
	4.	Knows methods of inventory control (e.g., Just-In-Time (JIT); Gantt Charts, electronic eyes or scanners)
	5.	Knows types of inventory (e.g., perpetual, physical)

Marketing

43.

Understands the roles of marketing and the impact of marketing on the individual, business, and society

Business Education
Standard 43.	Understands the roles of marketing and the impact of marketing on the individual, business, and society
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Understands how the market system operates as an independent, price-directed system of exchange that satisfies needs and wants
	2.	Knows how the marketing environment affects peoples’ lifestyles, standards of living, and preferences
	3.	Knows the major types of markets in the American economy (e.g., consumer market, including individuals and households; industrial market, including producers, resellers, and government; non-business organization market, including churches, civic and professional groups, and charitable organizations)
	4.	Understands the role of marketing in providing form, time, place, possession, and information utility (e.g., form utility is added to products when they are prepared and displayed for sale, time utility is added to products by making them available when needed, place utility is added to products by having them available where needed, possession utility is added by transferring ownership to the customer, information utility is added by allowing two-way communication between the seller and the buyer)
	5.	Knows marketing functions (e.g., distribution, financing, marketing-information management, pricing, product planning, promotion, purchasing, risk management, selling) and how they contribute to the marketing concept
	6.	Understands the role of marketing in business and non-business organizations

44.

Understands how external factors and competition influence or dictate marketing decisions

Business Education
Standard 44.	Understands how external factors and competition influence or dictate marketing decisions
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows advantages and disadvantages of marketing regulation and its effect on various businesses and industries
	2.	Knows effects of domestic and international economic conditions on marketing strategy
	3.	Knows ways in which special interest groups affect marketing (e.g., pressure for government regulations, boycotts)
	4.	Knows effects of cultural differences on marketing
	5.	Knows elements of direct and non-direct competition and their effects on marketing strategy
	6.	Knows how marketing decisions and strategies are influenced by changing technologies (e.g., mass distribution systems, information technology, data bases, communications technology, product innovation and development)

45.

Understands characteristics and processes of marketing research

Business Education
Standard 45.	Understands characteristics and processes of marketing research
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows purposes, benefits, and limitations of marketing research
	2.	Knows a variety of approaches to marketing research (e.g., observation, survey, experiment)
	3.	Knows steps involved in marketing research (e.g., defining the problem; developing a hypothesis; collecting, analyzing, and interpreting quantitative and qualitative data; drawing and presenting conclusions)
	4.	Knows primary sources of data (e.g., interviews, questionnaires, observations) and secondary sources of data (e.g., library sources, governmental reports; reports published by trade associations, local Chambers of Commerce, banks, newspapers, and utility companies; industry research companies) used in marketing research
	5.	Understands characteristics and purposes of a marketing-information system (MIS) (e.g., analysis of economic, technological, social, and regulatory environments; product analysis; market analysis; competitive analysis; consumer analysis)

46.

Understands characteristics of a market and strategies used to deal with a diversified marketplace

Business Education
Standard 46.	Understands characteristics of a market and strategies used to deal with a diversified marketplace
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Understands the difference between the consumer market and non-consumer market (e.g., government, industry, organizations)
	2.	Knows factors that affect customer buying motives (e.g., culture, subculture, social class, family members, roles and status, personal factors, psychological factors)
	3.	Knows strategies to influence rational and emotional buying motives (e.g., emotional motives such as ambition, pleasure, and leisure time; rational motives such as durability, economy in purchase, and dependability in use)
	4.	Knows ways in which consumer markets are changing (e.g., population changes, such as shifts in age and mobility; size and distribution of income; changes in lifestyle and attitudes; increased leisure time; more purchases on credit; higher educational levels)
	5.	Knows advantages and disadvantages of market segmentation and mass marketing
	6.	Knows factors to be considered when selecting a target market (e.g., selling costs, competition, required resources) and strategies to reach the selected target market

47.

Understands components and strategies of effective marketing plans (e.g., product development, pricing, distribution processes and methods, forms of promotion)

Business Education
Standard 47.	Understands components and strategies of effective marketing plans (e.g., product development, pricing, distribution processes and methods, forms of promotion)
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Knows components of the marketing mix (i.e., product, price, promotion, place) and how they contribute to successful marketing
	2.	Develop a marketing plan (e.g., describes the target market, states the marketing objectives, identifies the competition, describes the marketing environment, details each element of the marketing mix, develops a budget)
	3.	Understands factors to be considered in product/service planning (e.g., product mix, packaging considerations, positioning/image, quality assurance such as warranties and service contracts)
	4.	Understands pricing objectives, policies, and strategies, and factors that affect selling price (e.g., psychological effects, break-even point, retail decisions, competition, image, supply and demand, mass production, price elasticity)
	5.	Knows various channels of distribution (e.g., agents, brokers, retailers, wholesalers) and factors to be considered when selecting them (e.g., nature of the product, size/location of the market, availability of channel members, ability to manage marketing activities)
	6.	Knows components of the promotional mix (e.g., advertising, personal selling, public relations, sales promotion) and characteristics and costs associated with these components
	7.	Understands the difference between public relations and publicity (e.g., public relations activities are deliberate and planned, of public interest, and involve two-way communication; publicity is often unplanned and beyond a company’s control)

48.

Understands the selling process and forecasting principles and methods used to determine sales potential for specific products

Business Education
Standard 48.	Understands the selling process and forecasting principles and methods used to determine sales potential for specific products
	Level IV (Grade 9-12)
	1.	Understands the concept of market potential
	2.	Understands the relationship between sales forecasting and business success
	3.	Knows a variety of types of sales personnel (e.g., manufacturers, agents, missionary salespeople, retail salespeople)
	4.	Understands the selling process (e.g., locating prospects, forming relationships with customers, identifying customer needs and suggesting solutions, handling objections, closing the sale, follow-up)
	5.	Knows a variety of selling strategies (e.g., feature-benefit selling, suggestion selling, counselor selling)
	6.	Understands a variety of sales approaches (e.g., industrial approach, retailing approach)